References

Jenkins, Alan R. and Kaitlyn Jenkins. $teel Dreams (Adventures of Lisa Fuls). CreateSpace Publishing, 2017. 

  • Charles Schwab 

  • Eugene Grace 

  • James Campbell   

  • Cyrus Eaton 

  • Newton Baker 

  • Luther Day 

  • George May 

  • A.C. Ernst 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Bethlehem, PA 

  • Bethlehem Steel 

  • Youngstown Sheet & Tube  

  • 1930s 

Saikus, Ray, Henry Posner, and Great Lakes Science Center. “Society For Industrial Archeology Newsletter,” Pg. 4. 2025. 

  • William G. Mather 

  • Steam Ship 

  • Cleveland Cliffs 

  • Great Lakes Science Center 

  • Great Lakes Engineering Works 

  • The Huletts 

  • Radar 

  • Baily Controls of Cleveland 

  • George Hullet 

  • C&P Ore Dock 

  • American Society of Mechanical Engineers 

  • Historical Mechanical Engineering Landmarks 

  • Preservation Ohio 

  • Wellman-Seaver Co. Factory complex

“Society For Industrial Archeology Newsletter,” Pg. 12. 2025.  

  • Chapter News 

  • Northern Ohio Chapter 

  • Dover, Ohio 

  • Cleveland, Ohio 

  • Warther Museum 

  • Steam Locomotives 

  • Moving Models of 20th century steel mills 

  • Denson Ry. Depot Museum 

  • Dreamsville, Ohio train depot 

  • Jeramiah Reeves 

  • Tuscarawas River Dam 

O’Brien, Dan. “Andrea Wood Reflects on Storied Career.” Business Journal Daily, April 30, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/andrea-wood-reflects-on-career/

  • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Mahoning Valley’s business community 

  • Penn State University 

  • Big Steal 

  • Automobile Industry 

  • KDKA-TV 

  • South Bend, Indiana 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • WYTV 

  • Clearance Smith 

  • Arnold Collins 

  • Harold Wood 

  • Clingan Jackson 

  • Mahoning County 

  • Trumbull County 

  • Columbiana County 

  • Lawrence County 

  • Mercer County 

  • Mayor Pat Ungaro 

  • Industrial parks 

  • Western Reserve Port Authority 

  • Lake to River Economic Development 

  • John Moliterno 

  • Better Business Bureau 

  • Shenango Valley 

  • Tony Mancino 

  • Youngstown Publishing Co.  

  • Sapientia Ventures 

  • Charles George  

  • Wiley Runnestrand 

  • Michael Martof 

  • Monnie Ryan    

  • Dennis LaRue 

  • Dedication

Dick, Denise. “MBA Programs Tailored to Students.” Business Journal Daily, May 12, 2025.

https://businessjournaldaily.com/mba-programs-tailored-to-students/

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Westminster College 

  • Thiel College 

  • MBA-Masters of Business Administration 

  • Patrick J. Bateman 

  • Williamson College of Business Administration 

  • Robert Badowski  

  • Anthony Kos 

  • Authur Mcgonigal Department of Business Administration and Accounting

  • Affordability 

Nelson, George. “Administrators, Recipient Tout Value of MBA.” Business Journal Daily, May 23, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/administrators-recipient-tout-value-of-mba/

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Shenango Valley 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Williamson College of Business Administration 

  • Betty Jo Licata 

  • Grove City College 

  • Christy L. Crute 

  • Ryan Sheffield 

  • Associated Materials 

  • Cuyahoga Falls 

  • Salesforce 

  • Hitachi 

  • Sherwin Williams 

  • KPMG 

  • UPMC 

  • MBA 

Johnson, Bill. “YSU: A Clear Commitment to the Valley’s Future.” Business Journal Daily, May 3, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/ysu-perspective-ysu-a-clear-commitment-to-the-valleys-future/

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Accessible Education 

  • Eastern Gateway Community College

Staff. “State Releases $30M for Former BDM Site, Kilcawley Center at YSU.” Business Journal Daily, April 8, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/controlling-board-releases-funding-for-bdm-site-kilcawley-center/

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Kilcawley Center 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Western Reserve Port Authority 

  • WRPA 

  • Anthony Trevena 

  • Warren, Ohio 

  • Warren County 

  • Howland County 

  • Weathersfield Township 

  • Trumbull County 

  • Nick Santucci 

  • Lydia Mihalik 

  • All Ohio Future Funds  

  • Renovation 

  • Jobs Ohio 

  • Eastgate Regional Council of Government Teams 

  • Andrews Student Recreation and Wellness Center 

  • Chesnut Room 

  • Youngstown Warren Development Partners 

9Flora, Deboa. “An Ally for Communities.” Business Journal Daily, April 25, 2025.

https://businessjournaldaily.com/?s=An+Ally+for+Communities

  • John Bralich 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Hermitage, Pennsylvania 

  • Youngstown. Ohio 

  • Applied Geographic Information Systems 

  • DeBartolo Hall 

  • Hal Withrow 

  • Raymond John Wean Foundation 

  • Mahoning Valley Organizing Collaborative 

O’Brien, Dan. “Survey: Region’s Businesses Express Uncertainty Amid Tariffs.” Business Journal Daily, April 7, 2025.  https://businessjournaldaily.com/?s=Survey%3A+Region%E2%80%99s+Businesses+Express+Uncertainty+Amid+Tariffs

  • Northeastern Ohio  

  • Ohio Small Business Development Center’s Export Assistance Network 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Trump Administration 

  • Tariffs 

  • Steel  

  • Aluminum 

  • Foreign Tade 

  • Consumer costs 

  • Survey 

The Mahoning Valley Historical Society. Historical Happenings, Mahoning Valley Historical Society Newsletter, 2024-2025. https://mahoninghistory.org/historical-happenings-newsletter/

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Robert A. Calcagni 

  • Chryshanna Jackson-Leftwich 

  • Historic-Preservation 

  • Genealogy 

  • Cultural practices 

  • Behnke Family 

  • St. Paul’s Lutheran Church 

  • Museum exhibits 

  • Dante Bernard  

  • Youth 250 Bureau 

Ohio History Connection. “Youngstown Historical Center of Industry & Labor.” Ohio History Connection, July 11, 2025. https://www.ohiohistory.org/visit/browse-historical-sites/youngstown-historical-center-of-industry-labor/.

  • Informational  

  • Seel industry 

  • Teacher resources 

  • Museum history 

“Youngstown Ohio History: The Rise, Fall and Revival of a Rust Belt City.” Explore Mahoning, September 11, 2025. https://exploremahoning.com/the-history-of-youngstown-steel-struggles-and-strength/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Connecticut Western Reserve 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Daniel Eaton 

  • James Eaton 

  • Hopewell furnace 

  • Blast furnace 

  • Mahoning Valley history 

  • American Rust Belt 

  • Black coal 

  • Steel Boom 

  • Steel Valley 

  • The World Wars 

  • Mass immigration 

  • Volney Rogers 

  • Mill Creek Park 

  • Idora Park 

  • The Butler Institute of American Art 

  • Labor Movement 

  • Unions 

  • Black Monday 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • The Covelli Center 

  • Youngstown Foundation Ampitheatre 

  • Federal Street 

  • The Steel Museum 

Riano, Quilian. “In the Mahoning Valley.” The Architectural League of New York. Accessed September 27, 2025. https://archleague.org/article/mahoning-valley-intro/.

  • James Ward Packard 

  • Will Packard 

  • Packard Motor Car Company 

  • Warren, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Steel mills 

  • Blast furnaces 

  • Copperweld Steel site 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Immigration 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company 

  • Building infrastructure 

  • The Great Depression 

  • The World Wars 

  • Black Monday 

  • Industrial Decline 

  • The Golden Triangle 

  • Ohio Star Forge Company 

  • Warren Steel 

  • Republic Steel Corporation 

  • Trumbull Neighborhood Partnership 

  • General Motors Assembly 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Lordstown, Ohio 

  • Lowellville, Ohio 

  • Employee-owned Cooperatives 

  • Jennifer Roller 

Youngstown Steel Heritage Foundation. Youngstown Steel Heritage - Home. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://youngstownsteel.org/.  

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel industry  

  • Non-profit 

  • Tod Engine 

  • Tod McDonald Rolling Mill 

  • J&L Narrow Gauge Railroad 

  • J&L Steam Locomotive 

  • Carpenter Steel 

  • Volunteering 

Grzelewski, Jordyn. “Steel-industry stalwart lives on in consumer goods” The Vidicator. February 14,2016. 

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54579f25e4b0dda939dc30e8/t/56cc975d4c2f85d6f12a4659/1456249256380/Columbus+Dispatch+Steel+Industry+Stalwort+Lives+On.pdf

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube 

  • Steel Industry collapse 

  • Justin Mistovich 

  • Ron Mistovich 

  • James Berry 

Railroad Street. “Youngstown Steel Heritage Foundation: The Jones and Laughlin Narrow Gaige Railroad.” YouTube, 2019. https://youtu.be/uzD5eCTe01k?si=z1ItNkH2MaGTEKgl

  • J&L railroad 

  • Rick Rowland 

Blue et al. Mahoning Memories: A History of Youngstown and Mahoning County.Virginia Beach, Virginia: Youngstown State, January 1, 1995. 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Industry 

Ruminski, Clayton J. Iron Valley: The Transformation of the Iron Idustry in Ohio’s Mahoning Valley, 1802-1913. Trillium, April 1, 2017. 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Republic Iron and Steel 

  • Carnegie Steel

  • Bessemer Plants 

  • Open-hearth steelworks 

  • Blast furnaces 

  • Brier Hill Iron and Coal Co 

  • U.S. Steel 

  • Steel industry 

Johnson, Frank. “Youngstown Steel Museum: Unearthing the Enduring Legacy of American Steel in Youngstown’s Heart.” Wonderful Museums, August 20, 2025. https://www.wonderfulmuseums.com/museum/youngstown-steel-museum/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Museum 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Tourism guide

Grzelewski, Jordyn. “Youngstown Sheet & Tube RIOT | 100 YEARS LATER.” vindyarchives.com, 2016. https://vindyarchives.com/news/2016/jan/24/youngstown/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube 

  • Republic Iron and Steel co. 

  • Strike 

  • Riot 

  • Anniversary 

Medore, Josh. “A ‘seamless’ History of Youngstown Steel.” Business Journal Daily | The Youngstown Publishing Company, September 24, 2018. https://businessjournaldaily.com/seamless-history-youngstown-steel/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Steel Industry 

  • History 

  • Vallourec Star 

  • Black Monday 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. 

  • Judson Wallace 

  • North Star Steel 

  • Thomas Leary 

  • Barack Obama 

  • Brier Hill 

The Midwest Guru. “What Were The Youngstown Steel Mills?” YouTube. Accessed November 13, 2025. https://youtu.be/oRykG1VToGA?si=cAOb6MImX-jq6jcU

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. 

  • Steel mills 

  • Immigration

Catlin, Mark D. “Steel Industry 1944 Youngstown, Ohio.” YouTube. Accessed November 13, 2025. https://youtu.be/_hlfqggGOZw?si=E5Z4kVQJCZXV-QUa.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Industry 

  • History

Malkoff, Dave. “Youngstown, Ohio, Revival Gains Momentum in Former Heart of America’s Steel Industry.” CBS News, August 14, 2025. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/youngstown-ohio-revival-gains-momentum-in-former-heart-of-americas-steel-industry/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel industry 

  • Demolition 

  • Revival 

  • New business 

Everett, Claire. “Exploring the Industrial Heritage of Youngstown.” Medium, October 10, 2024. https://medium.com/@claireeverett_40427/exploring-the-industrial-heritage-of-youngstown-fa695810d3db.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Industrialism 

  • Steel City 

  • Immigration 

  • History 

  • Tourism 

“Why Is Youngstown Ohio Famous - Why Is Famous.” Why Is Famous - News Service, March 7, 2025. https://whyisfamous.com/why-is-youngstown-ohio-famous/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Valley 

  • Economics 

  • Culture 

lperovitz, Gar. “Black Monday, ’77, the Birth of the Rust Belt in Youngstown.” BillMoyers.com, September 27, 2017. https://billmoyers.com/story/black-monday-77-mill-shutdown-youngstown-gave-birth-rust-belt/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Black Monday 

  • Steel industry 

  • Campbell Works 

  • Civil Rights 

  • Carter Administration 

  • Evergreen Cooperative Initiative 

  • United States Steelworkers 

  • Next System Project 

OTHER HISTORIC REFERENCES

Industrial Spotlight ‘90

On Tuesday, October 9, 1990 at 5:30 p.m. a preview was held at the Youngstown Historical Center of Industry and Labor for and Industrial Spotlight, sponsored by the Youngstown Area Chamber of Commerce. The next day, Wednesday, October 10, the Steel Museum hosted an exhibition that was open to the public.

The Tuesday preview was open to all chamber members and their guests. All participating exhibitors received two complimentary to the After-Hours Membership Mixer. All additional tickets cost $10.00 per person. This event was set aside individuals within the steel industry and to informally meet and converse.

The Wednesday portion of the expo was open to the general public and gave members of the community to see all of the exhibits and booths present at the expo.