References Page

 

Jenkins, Alan R. and Kaitlyn Jenkins. $teel Dreams (Adventures of Lisa Fuls). CreateSpace Publishing, 2017. 

  • Charles Schwab 

  • Eugene Grace 

  • James Campbell   

  • Cyrus Eaton 

  • Newton Baker 

  • Luther Day 

  • George May 

  • A.C. Ernst 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Bethlehem, PA 

  • Bethlehem Steel 

  • Youngstown Sheet & Tube  

  • 1930s 

Saikus, Ray, Henry Posner, and Great Lakes Science Center. “Society For Industrial Archeology Newsletter,” Pg. 4. 2025. 

  • William G. Mather 

  • Steam Ship 

  • Cleveland Cliffs 

  • Great Lakes Science Center 

  • Great Lakes Engineering Works 

  • The Huletts 

  • Radar 

  • Baily Controls of Cleveland 

  • George Hullet 

  • C&P Ore Dock 

  • American Society of Mechanical Engineers 

  • Historical Mechanical Engineering Landmarks 

  • Preservation Ohio 

  • Wellman-Seaver Co. Factory complex

“Society For Industrial Archeology Newsletter,” Pg. 12. 2025.  

  • Chapter News 

  • Northern Ohio Chapter 

  • Dover, Ohio 

  • Cleveland, Ohio 

  • Warther Museum 

  • Steam Locomotives 

  • Moving Models of 20th century steel mills 

  • Denson Ry. Depot Museum 

  • Dreamsville, Ohio train depot 

  • Jeramiah Reeves 

  • Tuscarawas River Dam 

O’Brien, Dan. “Andrea Wood Reflects on Storied Career.” Business Journal Daily, April 30, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/andrea-wood-reflects-on-career/

  • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Mahoning Valley’s business community 

  • Penn State University 

  • Big Steal 

  • Automobile Industry 

  • KDKA-TV 

  • South Bend, Indiana 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • WYTV 

  • Clearance Smith 

  • Arnold Collins 

  • Harold Wood 

  • Clingan Jackson 

  • Mahoning County 

  • Trumbull County 

  • Columbiana County 

  • Lawrence County 

  • Mercer County 

  • Mayor Pat Ungaro 

  • Industrial parks 

  • Western Reserve Port Authority 

  • Lake to River Economic Development 

  • John Moliterno 

  • Better Business Bureau 

  • Shenango Valley 

  • Tony Mancino 

  • Youngstown Publishing Co.  

  • Sapientia Ventures 

  • Charles George  

  • Wiley Runnestrand 

  • Michael Martof 

  • Monnie Ryan    

  • Dennis LaRue 

  • Dedication

Dick, Denise. “MBA Programs Tailored to Students.” Business Journal Daily, May 12, 2025.

https://businessjournaldaily.com/mba-programs-tailored-to-students/

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Westminster College 

  • Thiel College 

  • MBA-Masters of Business Administration 

  • Patrick J. Bateman 

  • Williamson College of Business Administration 

  • Robert Badowski  

  • Anthony Kos 

  • Authur Mcgonigal Department of Business Administration and Accounting

  • Affordability 

Nelson, George. “Administrators, Recipient Tout Value of MBA.” Business Journal Daily, May 23, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/administrators-recipient-tout-value-of-mba/

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Shenango Valley 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Williamson College of Business Administration 

  • Betty Jo Licata 

  • Grove City College 

  • Christy L. Crute 

  • Ryan Sheffield 

  • Associated Materials 

  • Cuyahoga Falls 

  • Salesforce 

  • Hitachi 

  • Sherwin Williams 

  • KPMG 

  • UPMC 

  • MBA 

Johnson, Bill. “YSU: A Clear Commitment to the Valley’s Future.” Business Journal Daily, May 3, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/ysu-perspective-ysu-a-clear-commitment-to-the-valleys-future/

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Accessible Education 

  • Eastern Gateway Community College

Staff. “State Releases $30M for Former BDM Site, Kilcawley Center at YSU.” Business Journal Daily, April 8, 2025. https://businessjournaldaily.com/controlling-board-releases-funding-for-bdm-site-kilcawley-center/

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Kilcawley Center 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Western Reserve Port Authority 

  • WRPA 

  • Anthony Trevena 

  • Warren, Ohio 

  • Warren County 

  • Howland County 

  • Weathersfield Township 

  • Trumbull County 

  • Nick Santucci 

  • Lydia Mihalik 

  • All Ohio Future Funds  

  • Renovation 

  • Jobs Ohio 

  • Eastgate Regional Council of Government Teams 

  • Andrews Student Recreation and Wellness Center 

  • Chesnut Room 

  • Youngstown Warren Development Partners 

9Flora, Deboa. “An Ally for Communities.” Business Journal Daily, April 25, 2025.

https://businessjournaldaily.com/?s=An+Ally+for+Communities

  • John Bralich 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Hermitage, Pennsylvania 

  • Youngstown. Ohio 

  • Applied Geographic Information Systems 

  • DeBartolo Hall 

  • Hal Withrow 

  • Raymond John Wean Foundation 

  • Mahoning Valley Organizing Collaborative 

O’Brien, Dan. “Survey: Region’s Businesses Express Uncertainty Amid Tariffs.” Business Journal Daily, April 7, 2025.  https://businessjournaldaily.com/?s=Survey%3A+Region%E2%80%99s+Businesses+Express+Uncertainty+Amid+Tariffs

  • Northeastern Ohio  

  • Ohio Small Business Development Center’s Export Assistance Network 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Trump Administration 

  • Tariffs 

  • Steel  

  • Aluminum 

  • Foreign Tade 

  • Consumer costs 

  • Survey 

The Mahoning Valley Historical Society. Historical Happenings, Mahoning Valley Historical Society Newsletter, 2024-2025. https://mahoninghistory.org/historical-happenings-newsletter/

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • Robert A. Calcagni 

  • Chryshanna Jackson-Leftwich 

  • Historic-Preservation 

  • Genealogy 

  • Cultural practices 

  • Behnke Family 

  • St. Paul’s Lutheran Church 

  • Museum exhibits 

  • Dante Bernard  

  • Youth 250 Bureau 

Ohio History Connection. “Youngstown Historical Center of Industry & Labor.” Ohio History Connection, July 11, 2025. https://www.ohiohistory.org/visit/browse-historical-sites/youngstown-historical-center-of-industry-labor/.

  • Informational  

  • Seel industry 

  • Teacher resources 

  • Museum history 

“Youngstown Ohio History: The Rise, Fall and Revival of a Rust Belt City.” Explore Mahoning, September 11, 2025. https://exploremahoning.com/the-history-of-youngstown-steel-struggles-and-strength/.

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Connecticut Western Reserve 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Daniel Eaton 

  • James Eaton 

  • Hopewell furnace 

  • Blast furnace 

  • Mahoning Valley history 

  • American Rust Belt 

  • Black coal 

  • Steel Boom 

  • Steel Valley 

  • The World Wars 

  • Mass immigration 

  • Volney Rogers 

  • Mill Creek Park 

  • Idora Park 

  • The Butler Institute of American Art 

  • Labor Movement 

  • Unions 

  • Black Monday 

  • Youngstown State University 

  • The Covelli Center 

  • Youngstown Foundation Ampitheatre 

  • Federal Street 

  • The Steel Museum 

Riano, Quilian. “In the Mahoning Valley.” The Architectural League of New York. Accessed September 27, 2025. https://archleague.org/article/mahoning-valley-intro/.

  • James Ward Packard 

  • Will Packard 

  • Packard Motor Car Company 

  • Warren, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Steel mills 

  • Blast furnaces 

  • Copperweld Steel site 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Immigration 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company 

  • Building infrastructure 

  • The Great Depression 

  • The World Wars 

  • Black Monday 

  • Industrial Decline 

  • The Golden Triangle 

  • Ohio Star Forge Company 

  • Warren Steel 

  • Republic Steel Corporation 

  • Trumbull Neighborhood Partnership 

  • General Motors Assembly 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Lordstown, Ohio 

  • Lowellville, Ohio 

  • Employee-owned Cooperatives 

  • Jennifer Roller 

Youngstown Steel Heritage Foundation. Youngstown Steel Heritage - Home. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://youngstownsteel.org/.  

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel industry  

  • Non-profit 

  • Tod Engine 

  • Tod McDonald Rolling Mill 

  • J&L Narrow Gauge Railroad 

  • J&L Steam Locomotive 

  • Carpenter Steel 

  • Volunteering 

Grzelewski, Jordyn. “Steel-industry stalwart lives on in consumer goods” The Vidicator. February 14,2016. 

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54579f25e4b0dda939dc30e8/t/56cc975d4c2f85d6f12a4659/1456249256380/Columbus+Dispatch+Steel+Industry+Stalwort+Lives+On.pdf

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube 

  • Steel Industry collapse 

  • Justin Mistovich 

  • Ron Mistovich 

  • James Berry 

Railroad Street. “Youngstown Steel Heritage Foundation: The Jones and Laughlin Narrow Gaige Railroad.” YouTube, 2019. https://youtu.be/uzD5eCTe01k?si=z1ItNkH2MaGTEKgl  

  • J&L railroad 

  • Rick Rowland 

Blue et al. Mahoning Memories: A History of Youngstown and Mahoning County.Virginia Beach, Virginia: Youngstown State, January 1, 1995. 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Industry 

Ruminski, Clayton J. Iron Valley: The Transformation of the Iron Idustry in Ohio’s Mahoning Valley, 1802-1913. Trillium, April 1, 2017. 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Republic Iron and Steel 

  • Carnegie Steel

  • Bessemer Plants 

  • Open-hearth steelworks 

  • Blast furnaces 

  • Brier Hill Iron and Coal Co 

  • U.S. Steel 

  • Steel industry 

Johnson, Frank. “Youngstown Steel Museum: Unearthing the Enduring Legacy of American Steel in Youngstown’s Heart.” Wonderful Museums, August 20, 2025. https://www.wonderfulmuseums.com/museum/youngstown-steel-museum/. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Museum 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Tourism guide

Grzelewski, Jordyn. “Youngstown Sheet & Tube RIOT | 100 YEARS LATER.” vindyarchives.com, 2016. https://vindyarchives.com/news/2016/jan/24/youngstown/. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube 

  • Republic Iron and Steel co. 

  • Strike 

  • Riot 

  • Anniversary 

Medore, Josh. “A ‘seamless’ History of Youngstown Steel.” Business Journal Daily | The Youngstown Publishing Company, September 24, 2018. https://businessjournaldaily.com/seamless-history-youngstown-steel/. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Mahoning Valley 

  • Steel Industry 

  • History 

  • Vallourec Star 

  • Black Monday 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. 

  • Judson Wallace 

  • North Star Steel 

  • Thomas Leary 

  • Barack Obama 

  • Brier Hill 

The Midwest Guru. “What Were The Youngstown Steel Mills?” YouTube. Accessed November 13, 2025. https://youtu.be/oRykG1VToGA?si=cAOb6MImX-jq6jcU 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. 

  • Steel mills 

  • Immigration

Catlin, Mark D. “Steel Industry 1944 Youngstown, Ohio.” YouTube. Accessed November 13, 2025. https://youtu.be/_hlfqggGOZw?si=E5Z4kVQJCZXV-QUa. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Industry 

  • History

Malkoff, Dave. “Youngstown, Ohio, Revival Gains Momentum in Former Heart of America’s Steel Industry.” CBS News, August 14, 2025. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/youngstown-ohio-revival-gains-momentum-in-former-heart-of-americas-steel-industry/. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel industry 

  • Demolition 

  • Revival 

  • New business 

Everett, Claire. “Exploring the Industrial Heritage of Youngstown.” Medium, October 10, 2024. https://medium.com/@claireeverett_40427/exploring-the-industrial-heritage-of-youngstown-fa695810d3db. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Industry 

  • Industrialism 

  • Steel City 

  • Immigration 

  • History 

  • Tourism 

“Why Is Youngstown Ohio Famous - Why Is Famous.” Why Is Famous - News Service, March 7, 2025. https://whyisfamous.com/why-is-youngstown-ohio-famous/. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Steel Valley 

  • Economics 

  • Culture 

lperovitz, Gar. “Black Monday, ’77, the Birth of the Rust Belt in Youngstown.” BillMoyers.com, September 27, 2017. https://billmoyers.com/story/black-monday-77-mill-shutdown-youngstown-gave-birth-rust-belt/. 

  • Youngstown, Ohio 

  • Black Monday 

  • Steel industry 

  • Campbell Works 

  • Civil Rights 

  • Carter Administration 

  • Evergreen Cooperative Initiative 

  • United States Steelworkers 

  • Next System Project